reynolds



(No Model.)

s sheets- Sinaai 1. G. H. REYNOLDS.

MEANS FOR OPERATING ELEVATORS.

` Patented Aug. 24, 1886.l

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. H. REYNOLDS.

. MEANS POROPBRATING BLEVATORS.-

No. 348,056. Patented Aug. .24,v 1886.

Vlin eases. 600W/5W N. PETERS. Pham-mnugnphnr. minimun. nc,

(No Model.) v 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. H. REYNOLDS.

MEANS FOR OPERATING ELEVATURS- No. 348,056.\ Patented Ang. 24, 1886.

N. PETERS, Pham-Lunngmmnr, washington. D. c,

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE H. REYNOLDS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AssIGNoR OF ONE-HALF To CRANERROTHERs MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILL.

MEANS FOR OPERATING ELEVATORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters `Patent No. 348,056,'dated August24, 1886.

Application filed February 13, 1886. Serial No. 191,799.

'To aZZ whom imag concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE H. REYNOLDS, of the city and county of NewYork, in .the State of N ew York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Means for Operating Elevators, of which the following isa specification.

My invention, although its advantages may be most apparent when employedin operating passenger and freight elevators in buildings, is alsoapplicable to hoisting apparatus or elevators employed in mines,blast-furnaces, and other places.

The invention consists in the combination, with au elevator-cage andcounter-weight, of drums and a driving-shaft, from whichone of the drumsis positively operated, and a cable or cables attached at opposite endsto the cage and weight, and which, between the cage and weight, embraceboth drums by passing several times from one v`to the other of them andpartly around each of them, without completely encircling either ofthem.

In the above combination two drums are preferably employed, arranged oneabove another, and the lower drum is usually the one to which thedrivingshaft will communicate motion.

In passenger elevators particularly it is com- 'mon to employ two,three, or four cables, and

it will be obvious that if the drums around which the cables pass werearranged in parallel`planes,the cables would have to be deflectedconsiderably from a direct line in passing from one drum to the other.To obviate this difficulty or objection, I arrange one drum in a .planeoblique to the plane ofthe other, so that (No model.)

and Fig. t is a plan of the operating mechan- 5o ism, 'also upon thesame scale as Figs. 2 and 3.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all thefigures. A designates an elevator cage or car, which is arranged totravel upward and downward 55 in an elevator well or shaft, B, and whichis operated by means of one or more cables, C. The mechanism foroperating the cage comprises two drums or grooved sheaves, D D, and thecable or cables which are attached to 6o the cage Ain any suitablemanner are carried upward over sheaves a at the top of theelevator-shaft, thence downward to the lower drum, D, thence partlyaround the drum D and to the drum D', thence partly around the drum 65 Dand to the drum D, and after thus being passed from one to the otherofthe drums and partly around them the cable or cables pass upward overa second sheave or pulley, a', at the top of ,thev shaft, and thencedownward to 7o a counterbalance-weight, E, to which the cable or cablesare attached.

The mechanism for operating the elevator may be of any suitablecharacter so long as it comprises drums and the cable or cables, 75which, between their points of 'attachment to the cage andcounter-weight, are caused to embrace both drums by passing severaltimes from one to the other of them and partly around each of them,without completely en- 8o circling either of the drums. rlhe cable orcables should be passed asufficient number of times around the drums andfrom one to the other of them in order to insure sufficient frietionalcontact between the drums and the 8 5 cable 01 cables, to cause motionto beimparted to the cable or cables when the drum D is positivelyrotated.

The mechanism here shown for operating the cables is like that whichforms the subject 9o of my application for Letters Patent, Serial No.191,797, filed February 13, 1885, and it comprises a casing, F, withinwhich are arranged a Worm-wheel upon the shaft D2, and a worm or screwwhich is'upon a shaft, G, as 95 in my aforesaid application. rIhepositive rotation of the screw-shaft G by means of a steam-engine orotherwise impartsrotary motion to the shaft D2', and the drum D, beingfixed upon this shaft, receives such rotary motion. The upper drum, D',which is here represented as somewhat smaller than the lowerdrum, D, isfixed upon a shaft, D, which is mounted in suitable bearings, b,projecting u pward from the casing F.'

It will be obvious that if the drums D D were arranged in the same planethe cable C would be deflected from a straight line in passing from oneto the other. Inasmuch as two, three, or four cables are commonlyemployed side by side, such deliection will -be very considerable, andto avoid this I arrange the upper drum, D', in a plane oblique to theplane of the lower drum, as best shown in Fig.,4. As here shown thedrums are arranged so as-to adapt them for operating two cables side byside, and. at the left hand of Fig. 4 the outermost grooves in the upperdrum, D', are coincident with the two outermost grooves in the lowerdrum, l), while at the right hand of Fig. 4 the two outermost grooves inthe drum D are coincident with the `third and fourth grooves from theouter side of the drum D; hence the cables which pass from the uppersheaves, a, downward to the drum D at the right hand of Fig. 4, andthence under said drum, pass in direct lines from the left hand of thedrum D directly upward into the first two grooves of the upper drum, D',and the cables pass from the two innermost grooves of the drum D', atthe right hand of Fig. 4, directly downward into thetwo innermostgrooves of the drum D at the righthand of Fig. 4. Of course, if three orfour cables were employed side by side, the obliqf nity of the drum Drelatively to the drum D would have to be increased so that theoutermost groove in the drum D' at the right hand of Fig.4 would becoincident with the third or fourth groove from the outer side of thedrum D at the right hand of Fig. 4. When the drums D D' turn in thedirection of the arrows shown in Fig. 1,the cable C will be moved in thedirection of the arrows there shownthat is to say, the portions of thecableleading to the cage will be drawn downward around the drum and thecage raised, while the portions of cable leading to thecounterbalanceweight E will be paid out from the drums and the weightwill descend. To lower the cage A the drums and cables will be operatedin a reverse direction;

From the above description it will be obvious that when the drums areturned in a direction to lower the. cage they act positively to raisethe counterbalance-weight, and hence the cage will descend, even thoughit be empty, and even if it be counter-balanced considerabl y beyond itsown weight.

The construction and arrangement above described is very desirable, forthe very reason that it enables the cage to be counterbalanced beyondits own weight and to the eX- tent of an average load. Suppose, forexample, that the cage has a weight of two thousand pounds and theaverage load to be lifted is one thousand pounds. My construct-ion andarrangement enables a counterbalanceweight of three thousand pounds tobe employed, and then in raising the cage with a load of one thousandpounds dead weight only the friction of the machinery will have to beovercome.

Of course my construction and arrangement enables the counter balance tobe heavy enough to balance the cage with the heaviest load which itwould ever be required to raise; but this would not be so economical asto counterbalance the cage with its average load, because in loweringalight load the surplus weight in the counter-balance would have to belifted.

Where my invention is applied to two elevators which are desired totravel upward and downward simultaneously, always moving in reversedirections, the second cage may be attached to the ends of cable, inlieu of the counter-balance E, as is indicated by dotted lines in Fig.1, and then the weight of one cage will counterbalance the other.

I do not claim, broadly, as of my invention the arrangement of the twodrumsin planes oblique to each other, so that the cable may passdirectly and without deflection from the grooves of one drum to thegrooves of the otherdrum.

The'arrangement of the cables C, embrae ing both the drums D D', bypassing several times from one to the other of them and partly aroundeach of them, without completely encircling either of them, isimportant, as by it the drum D is enabled to transmit motion to thecable or cables, and the cables, in passing from the drumv D to the carand to the counter-weight, are not traversed laterally, as is the caseAwhere a cable is simply wound uponl and completely encircles a singledrum.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The combination, with an elevator-cage and counter-weight, of drumsand a driving shaft from which one of them is positively operated, and acable or cables attached at opposite ends to the cage and weight, andwhich, between the cage and weight, embrace both drums by passingseveral times from one to the other of them and partly around each ofthem without completely encircling either of them, substantially asherein described.

2. The combination, with an elevatorcage and a counter-weight, of twodrums arranged one above another, and a driving-shaft from whichtheilower drum is positively operated, and a cable or cables attached atopposite ends to the cage and weight, and which, between the cage andweight, embrace both drums by passing several times from one to theother of them and partly around each of them without completelyencircling either of them, substantially as herein described.

3. The combination, with an elevator-cage and a counter-weight, of twodrums arranged IOO IIO

one above another in planes oblique to each and partly around each ofthem without coinother, and a driving-shaft from which one of pletelyencircling either of them, substantially the drums is positivelyoperated, and a cable as herein described.

or cables attached at opposite ends to the cage GEO. H. REYNOLDS. andWeight, and which, between the cage and Witnesses: weight, embrace boththe drums by passing C. HALL,

several times from one to the other of them FREDK. HAYNEs.

